Mai watsa shiri PTFEyawanci yana nufin kafofin watsa labaru da aka yi da polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE a takaice). Mai zuwa shine cikakken gabatarwa ga kafofin watsa labarai na PTFE:
Ⅰ. Kaddarorin kayan aiki
1.Chemical kwanciyar hankali
PTFE abu ne mai tsayi sosai. Yana da ƙarfin juriya na sinadarai kuma ba shi da ƙarfi ga kusan dukkanin sinadarai. Misali, a cikin mahallin acid mai ƙarfi (kamar sulfuric acid, nitric acid, da dai sauransu), tushe mai ƙarfi (kamar sodium hydroxide, da sauransu) da yawancin kaushi na halitta (kamar benzene, toluene, da sauransu), kayan PTFE ba za su amsa da sinadarai ba. Wannan ya sa ya shahara sosai a aikace-aikace irin su tanti da bututu a cikin masana'antun sinadarai da magunguna, saboda sau da yawa waɗannan masana'antu suna buƙatar magance nau'ikan sinadarai iri-iri.
2.Zazzabi juriya
Kafofin watsa labaru na PTFE na iya kula da aikinta akan kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi. Yana iya aiki kullum a cikin zafin jiki kewayon -200 ℃ zuwa 260 ℃. A ƙananan zafin jiki, ba zai zama gagara ba; a yanayin zafi mai zafi, ba zai rube ko lalacewa ba cikin sauƙi kamar wasu robobi na yau da kullun. Wannan kyakkyawan juriya na zafin jiki ya sa kafofin watsa labaru na PTFE suna da amfani mai mahimmanci a cikin sararin samaniya, lantarki da sauran filayen. Alal misali, a cikin tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na jirgin sama, PTFE kafofin watsa labaru na iya jure wa yanayin zafi mai zafi da aka haifar da canjin yanayi da tsarin aiki a lokacin jirgin.
3.Low gogayya coefficient
PTFE yana da ƙarancin ƙarancin juzu'i, ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙasƙanci tsakanin sanannun kayan aiki. Ƙarfin sa mai ƙarfi da juzu'i na juzu'i duka ƙanana ne, kusan 0.04. Wannan yana sa PTFE dielectric tasiri sosai lokacin amfani dashi azaman mai mai a cikin sassan injina. Misali, a wasu na'urorin watsa injin, bearings ko bushings da aka yi da PTFE na iya rage juzu'i tsakanin sassan injina, rage yawan kuzari, da tsawaita rayuwar kayan aikin.
4.Electrical insulation
PTFE yana da kyawawan kaddarorin wutar lantarki. Yana kiyaye juriya mai girma akan kewayon mitar mai faɗi. A cikin kayan lantarki, PTFE dielectric za a iya amfani da su don yin kayan rufewa, kamar rufin rufin wayoyi da igiyoyi. Yana iya hana ɗigon ruwa na yanzu, tabbatar da aikin yau da kullun na kayan aikin lantarki, da tsayayya da tsangwama na lantarki na waje.
Misali, a cikin igiyoyin sadarwa masu sauri, PTFE mai rufi Layer na iya tabbatar da daidaito da daidaiton watsa sigina.
5.Rashin tsayawa
Fuskar dielectric PTFE yana da ƙarfi mara ƙarfi. Wannan shi ne saboda electronegativity na fluorine atom a cikin tsarin kwayoyin PTFE yana da girma sosai, yana da wuya ga PTFE surface to chemically bond tare da wasu abubuwa. Wannan rashin tsayawa yana sanya PTFE ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin suturar kayan dafa abinci (kamar kwanon da ba sanda ba). Lokacin da aka dafa abinci a cikin kwanon da ba na sanda ba, ba zai sauƙaƙa manne da bangon kwanon rufi ba, yana sauƙaƙa tsaftacewa da rage yawan mai da ake amfani da shi yayin dafa abinci.
Menene bambanci tsakanin PVDF da PTFE?
PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) da PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) dukkansu polymers ne masu ƙyalli masu kama da juna, amma kuma suna da wasu bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a tsarin sinadarai, aiki da aikace-aikace. Wadannan su ne manyan bambance-bambancen su:
Ⅰ. Tsarin sinadaran
PVDF:
Tsarin sinadarai shine CH2-CF2n, wanda shine polymer Semi-crystalline.
Sarkar kwayoyin halitta ta ƙunshi madadin methylene (-CH2-) da trifluoromethyl (-CF2-).
PTFE:
Tsarin sinadaran shine CF2-CF2n, wanda shine perfluoropolymer.
Sarkar kwayoyin halitta gaba daya ta ƙunshi zarra na fluorine da carbon atom, ba tare da atom ɗin hydrogen ba.
Ⅱ. Kwatancen aiki
| Fihirisar Ayyuka | PVDF | PTFE |
| Juriya na sinadaran | Kyakkyawan juriya na sinadarai, amma bai da kyau kamar PTFE. Kyakkyawan juriya ga mafi yawan acid, tushe da kaushi na halitta, amma rashin juriya ga tushe mai ƙarfi a yanayin zafi. | Ba shi da ƙarfi ga kusan dukkanin sinadarai, masu juriya da sinadarai. |
| Juriya yanayin zafi | Matsakaicin zafin jiki na aiki shine -40 ℃～150 ℃, kuma aikin zai ragu a babban yanayin zafi. | The aiki zafin jiki kewayon ne -200 ℃～260 ℃, da kuma zazzabi juriya ne m. |
| Ƙarfin injina | Ƙarfin injin yana da girma, tare da kyakkyawan ƙarfin ƙarfi da juriya mai tasiri. | Ƙarfin injiniya yana da ƙananan ƙananan, amma yana da kyakkyawan sassauci da juriya na gajiya. |
| Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙira | Ƙididdigar juzu'i yana da ƙasa, amma sama da PTFE. | Matsakaicin juzu'i yana da ƙasa sosai, ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙasƙanci tsakanin sanannun kayan aiki. |
| Wutar lantarki | Ayyukan rufin lantarki yana da kyau, amma ba shi da kyau kamar PTFE. | Ayyukan da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki yana da kyau, ya dace da mita mai girma da kuma babban yanayin wutar lantarki. |
| Rashin tsayawa | Rashin daidaituwa yana da kyau, amma ba shi da kyau kamar PTFE. | Yana da matuƙar ƙarfi mara ƙarfi kuma shine babban kayan da ba a saka kwanon rufi ba. |
| Yin aiki | Yana da sauƙin sarrafawa kuma ana iya samuwa ta hanyoyi na al'ada kamar allura gyare-gyare da extrusion. | Yana da wahalar sarrafawa kuma yawanci yana buƙatar dabarun sarrafawa na musamman kamar sintering. |
| Yawan yawa | Girman yana da kusan 1.75 g/cm³, wanda yake da ɗan haske. | Girman yana da kusan 2.15 g/cm³, wanda yayi nauyi. |
Ⅲ. Filin aikace-aikace
| Aikace-aikace | PVDF | PTFE |
| Masana'antar sinadarai | Ana amfani da shi don kera bututu masu jure lalata, bawuloli, famfo da sauran kayan aiki, musamman dacewa don sarrafa yanayin acidic ko alkaline. | An yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin rufi, hatimi, bututu, da dai sauransu na kayan aikin sinadarai, wanda ya dace da matsanancin yanayin sinadarai. |
| Masana'antar lantarki | Ana amfani da shi don kera gidaje, yadudduka masu rufewa, da dai sauransu na kayan lantarki, masu dacewa da matsakaicin mita da yanayin wutar lantarki. | An yi amfani da shi don kera ɓangarori masu ɓarna na igiyoyi masu ƙarfi da na'urorin lantarki, masu dacewa da yanayin mitar mai girma da ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Masana'antar injiniya | An yi amfani da shi don kera sassa na inji, bearings, likes, da dai sauransu, dace da matsakaicin nauyi da yanayin yanayin zafi. | An yi amfani da shi don kera ƙananan sassa, hatimi, da dai sauransu, dace da yanayin zafi mai girma da ƙananan juzu'i. |
| Masana'antar abinci da magunguna | An yi amfani da shi don kera sassan kayan sarrafa abinci, rufin kayan aikin magunguna, da sauransu, masu dacewa da matsakaicin zafin jiki da mahallin sinadarai. | An yi amfani da shi don kera kayan kwalliyar kwanon da ba na sanda ba, bel ɗin jigilar abinci, rufin kayan aikin magunguna, da sauransu, wanda ya dace da yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi da yanayin sinadarai mai ƙarfi. |
| Masana'antar gine-gine | Ana amfani da shi don kera kayan bango na waje, kayan rufi, da sauransu, tare da kyakkyawan juriya da ƙayatarwa. | Ana amfani da shi don kera kayan rufewar gini, kayan hana ruwa, da sauransu, masu dacewa da matsanancin yanayi. |
Ⅳ. Farashin
PVDF: Dan kadan kaɗan, mafi araha.
PTFE: Saboda fasahar sarrafawa ta musamman da kyakkyawan aiki, farashin ya fi girma.
Ⅴ. Tasirin muhalli
PVDF: Ana iya fitar da ƙananan iskar gas mai cutarwa a yanayin zafi mai zafi, amma gabaɗayan tasirin muhalli kaɗan ne.
PTFE: Ana iya fitar da abubuwa masu cutarwa irin su perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) a yanayin zafi mai zafi, amma hanyoyin samar da zamani sun rage wannan haɗarin sosai.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-09-2025